Turns out science may not be so partisan after all. A recent report analyzing decades of public opinion surveys reveals that the public’s trust in scientists has remained stable and high, regardless of political party affiliation.

By various measures, Americans reported that they trusted scientists more than they trusted many other institutions and professions, including journalists, judges, and Congress. That trust can affect how people interpret scientific information related to human health or government policies.

In the 2018 General Social Survey (GSS), about 40% of respondents reported a great deal of confidence in the leaders of scientific institutions, a number that has changed little since surveying began in 1973. A majority expressed either a “great deal” or “some” confidence in the scientific community throughout the survey period.

“We can say without a doubt that the vast majority of Americans have confidence in the scientific community,” says Dominique Brossard, senior report author and professor and chair in the Department of Life Sciences Communication. “Over and over again, scientists are at the top of trustworthy professions.”

This finding is further supported by Harris Polls showing that, over the last two decades, roughly three-quarters of Americans surveyed said they would trust scientists to tell them the truth. This was more than they trusted most other professionals, aside from doctors and teachers.

Brossard says increasing concerns among scientists over science becoming partisan are not reflected in recent GSS polls, which show fairly modest differences between Democrats’ and Republicans’ confidence in the scientific community. While Democrats reported higher confidence in scientists than Republicans did in 2018, members of both parties have reported similar, high levels of confidence over the past 45 years.

Yet the research team did uncover a persistent, large gap between rural and suburban residents’ confidence in science. About 30% of rural residents expressed confidence in scientists over the last 30 years, well below the 40% average among all Americans. In contrast, nearly half of suburban residents reported a great deal of confidence in scientists. Trust among urban residents fluctuated more widely over time.

The study by Brossard and her team, including graduate student and lead author Nicole Krause, appeared in the fall 2019 issue of Public Opinion Quarterly. They analyzed long-term polls that measured some aspect of trust or confidence in institutions. Their findings suggest that recent political events have done little to erode Americans’ overall high trust in science and scientists.

Brossard’s team began its investigation following the 2017 March for Science. The protest sprang out of concerns that the Trump administration would discount or suppress scientific information, and it appeared to mark an increase in the politicization of science.

Yet Brossard’s team found little evidence of major differences between Democrats and Republicans in their confidence in scientific leaders. In the 2018 GSS, the proportion of Republicans reporting confidence in scientists — about 40% — was comparable to the proportion among all Americans.

The same poll revealed an uptick in confidence among Democrats in 2018, to about half of the population surveyed, which created a modest partisan gap. But partisan-specific confidence is less stable than overall confidence and has fluctuated between 35% and 50% of Democrats, Republicans, and independents over the past 45 years.

“Our study focused on aggregate trends, but among the few subgroups we assessed, we didn’t see sharp declines in confidence in scientists,” says Krause. “Instead, we saw long-standing gaps or new gaps emerging because one group’s confidence has been increasing relative to others.”

The researchers also found high levels of trust in scientists on specific issues, such as the environment, and in other countries, including the United Kingdom and Germany.

The results suggest that there is stable trust in the institution at many levels, in contrast to some media narratives that highlight partisanship in science. Brossard is concerned that these narratives obscure other factors affecting trust in the institution.

“Trust in science is about more than politics,” she says. “There’s no war on science among the American public.”

This article was posted in Basic Science, Economic and Community Development, On Henry Mall, Spring 2020 and tagged Dominique Brossard, General Social Survey, Harris poll, March for Science, Nicole Krause, politics, public opinion, science.