When our bodies are put under stress (by nutrient deficiencies or extreme cold, for example), our cells break down energy stores to allow us to survive. The process is tightly regulated and primarily happens in a part of the cell called the lysosome. However, when this process is impaired, BMP lipids, which play an essential role in regulating energy expenditure, can build up in the lysosome. This buildup can lead to metabolic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Researchers in the lab of associate professor of biochemistry Judith Simcox have identified an enzyme, called Pla2g15, that helps break down BMP lipids. The study, published in Cell Metabolism, indicates that Pla2g15 may play an important role in our survival during times of metabolic stress, a function the team is continuing to explore in depth.